No Salt Added Diet

NO ADDED SALT DIET
(4,000-mg Sodium Diet)

FOODS EXCLUDED
Bacon*
Barbecue sauce*
Buttermilk, cultured (limit to 1 cup/day)
Ketchup (limit to 1 tbsp/day)
Cheese, processed
Chili sauce
Commercially canned products, frozen products, or convenience products (unless <600 mg of sodium per entree or <350 mg of sodium per single food items)
Corned beef*
Fish, salty or smoked (eg, anchovies, salted cod, herring, sardines)
Frankfurters*
Ham*
Meat extracts
Meat, luncheon*
Meat, smoked, cured, canned, or pickled
Meat tenderizers
Olives
Party spreads and dips
Salted potato chips, corn chips
Salt pork
Salted bouillon cubes
Salted crackers
Salted nuts
Soups, canned, frozen, or dehydrated (unless reduced-sodium)
Sauerkraut or pickled vegetables
Sausage*
Spices and herbs that contain salt (eg, garlic salt, celery salt, onion salt, and lemon pepper)
Soy sauce
Tuna canned in oil (tuna can be used if rinsed)

*May be calculated into the diet. Select only one serving daily from the entire list.
Note: Foods with sodium contents greater than 350 mg per serving should be calculated into the diet.

FOOD GUIDE — 3,000-MG SODIUM DIET

FOOD GROUP	FOODS ALLOWED	FOODS EXCLUDED
Beverages	Low-sodium carbonated beverages Coffee, tea

Breads, Cereals, Grain Products	Enriched white, wheat, rye, and pumpernickel bread Hard rolls, dinner rolls Muffins, corn bread Waffles, pancakes Most dry and hot cereals Crackers and breadsticks with unsalted tops Tortillas Enriched unsalted rice, barley, noodles, spaghetti, macaroni, and other pastas Unsalted tortilla chips, pretzels, potato chips, or popcorn Homemade bread stuffing	Breads, rolls, and crackers with salted tops Commercially prepared rice and pasta mixes Salty snack foods Stuffing mixes

Vegetables	All fresh and frozen vegetables Canned, drained vegetables White and sweet potatoes Squash Low-sodium tomato sauce and tomato paste	Sauerkraut, pickled vegetables, and others prepared in brine Vegetables seasoned with ham, bacon, salt pork, cheese, or cheese sauces Commercially prepared potato mixes Regular tomato sauce and puree

Fruits and Juices	All fruits and fruit juices Low-sodium or salt-free vegetable juices	Fruits dried with sodium sulfate Regular vegetable juices

Milk	Milk, buttermilk (limit to 1 cup/day), chocolate milk Yogurt, frozen yogurt	Instant milk beverages, instant cocoa mix, malted milk

Meats and Meat Substitutes	Fresh or frozen beef, lamb, pork, and poultry Fish and most shellfish; canned tuna or salmon, rinsed Eggs and egg substitutes Low-sodium cheese Regular peanut butter (3 times weekly) Dried peas and beans Frozen dinners (<600 mg sodium) Limit to one serving per day: Regular cottage cheese or ricotta (½ cup); Swiss or mozzarella cheese (1 oz)	Smoked, cured, salted, koshered, or canned fish, poultry, or meat, including bacon, chipped beef, cold cuts, ham, hot dogs, sausage, sardines, anchovies, marinated herring, and pickled meats Frozen breaded meats Pickled eggs Processed cheese; cheese spreads and sauces

Fats	Butter or margarine Vegetable oils Salad dressings in limited amounts (2 tbsp) Light, sour, and heavy cream Mayonnaise Unsalted nuts	Bacon, salad dressings containing bacon fat, bacon bits, and salt pork Snack dips made with instant soup mixes or processed cheese Salted nuts Olives Canned gravy and mixes

Soups	Homemade broth Soups without added salt and made with allowed vegetables Reduced-sodium canned soups and broths	Regular canned or dehydrated soups Bouillon cubes

Desserts and Sweets	All	None

Miscellaneous	Limit added salt to ¼ tsp/day used at the table or in cooking Use a salt substitute with physician’s approval Pepper, herbs, spices Vinegar Ketchup (1 tbsp), mustard (1 tbsp) Lemon or lime juice Hot pepper sauce, low-sodium soy sauce (1 tsp), Worcestershire sauce (1 tsp) Salsa (¼ cup)	Seasonings made with salt, including garlic salt, celery salt, onion salt, and seasoned salt; sea salt; rock salt; kosher salt; lemon pepper Meat tenderizers Monosodium glutamate Olives Regular soy sauce, teriyaki sauce, barbecue sauce Most flavored vinegars Cooking wine

SAMPLE MENU
Breakfast	Noon	Evening
Orange Juice Unsalted Cream of Wheat Unsalted Scrambled Egg Wheat Toast Margarine, Jelly Milk (1 cup) Coffee Sugar, Creamer	Honey Glazed Chicken Steamed Rice Steamed Broccoli Fruited Gelatin Dinner Roll Margarine Frosted Banana Cake Milk (1 cup) Tea, Sugar	Unsalted Beef Tips and Noodles Seasoned Green Beans Sliced Tomato Salad French Dressing Dinner Roll Margarine Peach Halves Iced Tea Sugar

FOOD GUIDE — 2,400-MG SODIUM Modified DASH Eating Plan

According to the Dietary Approaches to Stopping Hypertension (DASH) collaborative intervention studies, a diet that reduces sodium (<2,400 mg/day) and includes increased intakes of fruits, vegetables, potassium-rich foods, and low-fat dairy foods and lower intakes of total fat (27%), saturated fat (6%), and cholesterol (<150 mg) has significant blood pressure–lowering effects (1-4). The following food guide combines the DASH recommendations with the sodium guidelines for the treatment of hypertension (£2,400 mg of sodium) from the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (5). The number of recommended servings in the fruit and vegetable groups may be unrealistic in the hospital setting because of the high fiber content. However, incorporating the low-fat component into the diet and encouraging an increased intake of fruits and vegetables in this setting will start the self-management training process with the patient. (See DASH Eating Plan.)

FOOD GROUP	FOODS ALLOWED	FOODS EXCLUDED
Beverages	Low-sodium carbonated beverages Coffee, tea Limit caffeine to less than 300 mg/day

Breads, Cereals, Grain Products	Hot cereal without salt Puffed rice, puffed wheat, shredded wheat, and low- sodium dry cereals Low-sodium crackers Tortillas Enriched unsalted rice, barley, noodles, spaghetti, macaroni, and other pastas Unsalted tortilla chips, pretzels, potato chips, or popcorn Limit to six servings per day: Enriched white, wheat, rye, and pumpernickel bread; hard rolls and dinner rolls; low-fat muffins; pancakes; most dry and instant hot cereals; crackers and breadsticks with unsalted tops; homemade bread stuffing	Breads, rolls, and crackers with salted tops; corn bread Frozen waffles Commercially prepared rice, pasta mixes, and bread stuffing Salty snack foods

Vegetables	Eat four or five servings per day. In the hospital setting, this quantity may be unrealistic, as patients may not easily digest this amount of fiber. All fresh and frozen vegetables Canned, drained, and rinsed vegetables Unsalted tomato paste, low-sodium tomato sauce	Sauerkraut, pickled vegetables, and others prepared in brine Vegetables seasoned with ham, bacon, or salt pork Regular tomato sauce, puree, and paste Vegetables in cream or cheese sauce Commercially prepared potato mixes

Fruits and Juices	Eat four or five servings per day. In the hospital setting, this quantity may be unrealistic, as patients may not easily digest this amount of fiber. All fruits and fruits juices Low-sodium, salt-free vegetable juices	Regular vegetable juices Fruits processed with salt or sodium-containing compounds

Milk	Eat three servings per day: Low-fat or nonfat milk, chocolate milk (1 cup) Low-fat yogurt, frozen yogurt (8 oz)	Buttermilk, whole, or reduced-fat milk Instant hot chocolate/cocoa mixes Malted milk

Meats and Meat Substitutes	Limit to 5-6 oz/day: Fresh or frozen lean beef, lamb, pork, and poultry Fish and most shellfish; canned tuna or salmon, rinsed Egg substitutes Low-sodium, low-fat cheese Dried peas and beans Frozen dinners (<600 mg sodium) Limit to one serving per day: Regular cottage cheese or ricotta (½ cup); Swiss or mozzarella cheese (1 oz)	Smoked, cured, salted, koshered, or canned fish, poultry, or meat, including bacon, chipped beef, cold cuts, ham, hot dogs, sausage, sardines, anchovies, marinated herring, imitation seafood, and pickled meats Fatty meat Peanut butter Frozen breaded meats Pickled eggs Processed cheese; cheese spreads and sauces
Fats	Limit to 6 tsp or portions per day: Unsaturated vegetable oils: canola, safflower, sunflower, corn, peanut, olive, soybean Margarine in which the first ingredient is “liquid oil”; diet margarine Unsalted nuts (1 oz) Limit to one serving per day: Regular or fat-free salad dressings or mayonnaise (1 tbsp); fat-free cream cheese	Butter, bacon, salad dressings containing bacon fat, bacon bits, and salt pork Snack dips made with instant soup mixes or processed cheese Tartar sauce Salted nuts Olives Gravy Mixes Mayonnaise
Note: Fat-free dressings and cream cheese do not count as a fat, but are limited because of sodium content.

Soups	Homemade broth without salt Soups without added salt and made with allowed vegetables Reduced-sodium canned soups and broths	Regular canned or dehydrated soups

Desserts and Sweets	Sherbet Low-fat frozen yogurt (½ cup) Flavored gelatin Angel food cake Jam, jelly Syrup Hard candy Fat-free frozen desserts, cakes, and cookies	Commercially baked pies, cakes, cookies, doughnuts, pastries, brownies, cheesecake Ice cream Commercially prepared fudge, caramel, or butterscotch toppings Instant pudding mix
Miscellaneous	Limit to one serving per day (because of sodium content): Salt substitute with physician’s approval Pepper, herbs, spices Vinegar Ketchup (1 tsp/day), mustard (1 tsp/day) Lemon or lime juice Hot pepper sauce, Worcestershire sauce (1 tsp/day) Low-sodium condiments Salsa (¼ cup)	Seasonings made with salt, including garlic salt, celery salt, onion salt, and seasoned salt; sea salt; rock salt; kosher salt Meat tenderizers Monosodium glutamate Relish Regular soy sauce, chili sauce, steak sauce, teriyaki sauce, barbecue sauce Most flavored vinegars Cooking wine

SAMPLE MENU

Breakfast

Noon

Evening

Orange Juice
Stewed Prunes
Unsalted Cream of Wheat
Unsalted Scrambled Egg
Wheat Toast
Margarine, Jelly
Nonfat Milk (1 cup)
Coffee
Sugar, Creamer

Honey Glazed Chicken
Steamed Rice
Steamed Broccoli
Tossed Salad with Fat-Free Dressing
Dinner Roll
Margarine
Fresh Banana
Nonfat Milk (1 cup)
Tea, Sugar

Unsalted Beef Tips and Noodles
Seasoned Green Beans
Seasoned Carrots
Sliced Tomato Salad
Dinner Roll
Margarine
Peach Halves
Iced Tea
Sugar

References

Appel LJ, Moore T, Obarzanek E, Vollmer W, for the DASH Collaborative Research Group. A clinical trial of the effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure. N Engl J Med. 1997;336:1117-1123.
Sacks FM, Svetkey LP, Vollmer WM, Obarzanek E, Conlin PR, Miller ER 3rd, Simons-Morton DG, Karanja N, Lin PH. DASH-Sodium Collaborative Research Group. Effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary sodium and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:3-10.
Svetkey LP, Simons-Morton D, Vollmer WM, Appel LJ, Conlin PR, Ryan DH, Ard J, Kennedy BM, for the DASH Research Group. Effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure: subgroup analysis of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) randomized clinical trial. Arch Intern Med. 1999;159:285-293.
Vollmer WM, Sacks FM, Ard J, Appel LJ, Bray GA, Simons-Morton DG, Conlin PR, Svetkey LP, Erlinger TP, Moore TJ, Karanja N. Effects of diet and sodium intake on blood pressure: subgroup analysis of the DASH-sodium trial. Ann Intern Med. 2001;135:1019-1028.
Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL Jr, Jones DW, Materson BJ, Oparil S, Wright JT Jr, Roccella EJ, and the National High Blood Pressure Education Program Coordinating Committee. Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension. 2003;42:1206-1252.

FOOD GUIDE — 2,000-MG SODIUM DIET

FOOD GROUP	FOODS ALLOWED	FOODS EXCLUDED
Beverages	Coffee, tea Low-sodium carbonated beverages

Breads, Cereals, Grain Products	Hot cereal without salt Puffed rice, puffed wheat, shredded wheat, and low- sodium dry cereals Low-sodium crackers Tortillas Enriched unsalted rice, barley, noodles, spaghetti, macaroni, and other pastas Unsalted tortilla chips, pretzels, potato chips, or popcorn Limit to six servings per day: Enriched white, wheat, rye and pumpernickel bread; hard rolls and dinner rolls; muffins; pancakes; most dry and instant hot cereals; crackers and breadsticks with unsalted tops; homemade bread stuffing	Breads, rolls, and crackers with salted tops Corn bread Frozen waffles Commercially prepared rice, pasta mixes, or bread stuffing Salty snack foods

Vegetables	All fresh and frozen vegetables Canned, drained, and rinsed vegetables White or sweet potatoes Squash Unsalted tomato paste, low-sodium tomato sauce	Sauerkraut, pickled vegetables, and others prepared in brine Vegetables seasoned with ham, bacon, or salt pork Regular tomato sauce, puree, and paste Commercially prepared potato mixes

Fruits and Juices	All fruits and fruit juices Low-sodium, salt-free vegetable juices	Regular vegetable juices Fruits processed with salt or sodium- containing compounds

Milk	Limit to two servings per day: Milk, chocolate milk, yogurt, frozen yogurt	Buttermilk

Meats and Meat Substitutes	Fresh or frozen beef, lamb, pork, and poultry Fish and most shellfish; canned tuna or salmon, rinsed Eggs and egg substitutes Low-sodium cheese Regular peanut butter (3 times per week) Dried peas and beans Frozen dinners (<600 mg sodium) Limit to one serving per day: Regular cottage cheese or ricotta (½ cup); Swiss or mozzarella cheese (1 oz)	Smoked, cured, salted, koshered, or canned fish, poultry, or meat, including bacon, chipped beef, cold cuts, ham, hot dogs, sausage, sardines, anchovies, marinated herring, imitation seafood, and pickled meats Frozen breaded meats Pickled eggs Processed cheese; cheese spreads and sauces

Fats	Butter or margarine Vegetable oils Unsalted nuts Limit to one serving per day: Regular or fat-free salad dressings or mayonnaise (1 tbsp); fat-free cream cheese Note: Fat-free dressings and cream cheese do not count as a fat, but are limited because of sodium content.	Bacon, salad dressings containing bacon fat, bacon bits, and salt pork Snack dips made with instant soup mixes or processed cheese Tartar sauce Salted nuts Canned gravy and mixes Olives
Soups	No-added-salt broths and soups made with allowed vegetables; reduced-sodium canned soups and broths	Regular canned or dehydrated soups
Desserts and Sweets	Ice cream, sherbet, flavored gelatin, jam, jelly, syrup Limit to one serving per day: Homemade pie (⅛ of 9-inch); non-instant or low- sodium pudding or custard (½ cup); cookies (2); cake (1/16 of 9-inch)	Cheesecake or instant pudding mixes
Miscellaneous	Salt substitute with physician’s approval Pepper, herbs, spices Vinegar Ketchup (1 tsp/day), mustard (1 tsp/day) Lemon or lime juice Hot pepper sauce, Worcestershire sauce (1 tsp/day) Low-sodium condiments Salsa (¼ cup)	Seasonings made with salt, including garlic salt, celery salt, onion salt, and seasoned salt; kosher salt Meat tenderizers Monosodium glutamate Relish Soy sauce, chili sauce, steak sauce, teriyaki sauce, barbecue sauce Most flavored vinegar Cooking wine

SAMPLE MENU
Breakfast	Noon	Evening
Orange Juice Unsalted Cream of Wheat Unsalted Scrambled Egg Wheat Toast Margarine, Jelly Milk (1 cup) Coffee Sugar, Creamer	Honey Glazed Chicken Steamed Rice Steamed Broccoli Fruited Gelatin Dinner Roll Margarine Frosted Banana Cake Milk (1 cup) Tea, Sugar	Unsalted Beef Tips and Noodles Seasoned Green Beans Sliced Tomato Salad French Dressing Dinner Roll Margarine Peach Halves Iced Tea Sugar

FOOD GUIDE — 1,000-MG SODIUM DIET

FOOD GROUP	FOODS ALLOWED	FOODS EXCLUDED
Beverages	Coffee; tea Low-sodium carbonated beverages	Gatorade

Breads, Cereals, Grain Products	Hot cereal without salt Puffed rice, puffed wheat, shredded wheat, and low-sodium dry cereals Low-sodium bread Low-sodium crackers, melba toast, and matzo Tortilla Enriched unsalted rice, barley, and pastas Unsalted tortilla chips, pretzels, potato chips, or popcorn Limit to 2 servings per day: Enriched white, wheat, rye, and pumpernickel bread or breadsticks; hard rolls and dinner rolls; homemade bread stuffing	Breads, rolls, and crackers with salted or unsalted tops Quick breads; biscuits; cornbread; muffins Frozen waffles; pancakes Regular dry cereal; instant hot cereals Self-rising flour Commercially prepared rice or pasta mixes Potato chips; salty snack foods

Vegetables	All fresh, unsalted frozen vegetables Low-sodium canned vegetables White or sweet potatoes Squash Unsalted tomato paste	Regular canned vegetables, sauerkraut, pickled vegetables, and others prepared in brine Vegetables seasoned with ham, bacon, or salt pork Tomato sauce, puree, and regular paste Commercially prepared potato mixes Frozen peas, lima beans, and mixed vegetables All frozen vegetables in sauce

Fruits and Juices	All fruits and fruits juices Low-sodium, salt-free vegetable juices	Regular vegetable juices Fruits processed with salt or sodium compounds, eg, some dried fruits

Milk	Limit to 2 servings per day Milk Yogurt	Malted milk; milk shake; buttermilk; chocolate milk

Meats and Meat Substitutes	Any fresh or frozen beef, lamb, pork, and poultry Fish and most shellfish; low-sodium canned tuna or salmon Eggs Low-sodium cheese, cottage cheese, and ricotta cheese Low-sodium peanut butter Dried peas and beans	Any smoked, cured, salted, koshered, or canned meat, fish, poultry including bacon, chipped beef, cold cuts, ham, hot dogs, sausage, sardines, anchovies, marinated herring, and pickled meats Frozen breaded meats Egg substitutes; pickled eggs Regular hard and processed cheese; cottage cheese; cheese spreads and sauces Regular peanut butter Frozen dinners

Fats	Unsalted butter or margarine Vegetable oils Low-sodium salad dressing; low-sodium mayonnaise Nondairy creamer (<1 oz/day) Unsalted nuts Low-sodium cream cheese	Bacon, bacon bits, and salt pork; regular salad dressings; snack dips made with instant soup mixes or processed cheese; canned gravies and mixes; tartar sauce, salted nuts; olives

Soups	No-added-salt broths and soups made with allowed vegetables Low-sodium canned soups and broths Low-sodium cream soups made with milk allowance	Regular canned or dehydrated regular soups

Desserts and Sweets	Ice cream Low-sodium pudding Frozen yogurt (count as part of milk allowance) Fruit ice Gelatins and sherbet (not to exceed ½ cup/day) Jam; jelly Syrup	Instant puddings Commercial cake, cookie, and brownie mixes Cheesecake

Miscellaneous	Salt substitute with physician’s approval Pepper; herbs; spices Vinegar Low-sodium condiments (ketchup, mustard) Lemon or lime juice Hot pepper sauce Fresh ground horseradish Salsa (¼ cup)	Any seasoning made with salt, including garlic salt, celery salt, onion salt, and seasoned salt; kosher salt Meat tenderizers Monosodium glutamate Worcestershire sauce; regular and low-sodium soy sauce; chili sauce, teriyaki sauce; barbecue sauce Most flavored vinegars Regular condiments Commercial salsa Cooking wine

SAMPLE MENU
Breakfast	Noon	Evening
Orange Juice Unsalted Cream of Wheat Unsalted Scrambled Egg Melba Toast Margarine, Jelly Milk (1 cup) Coffee Sugar, Creamer	Honey Glazed Chicken Steamed Rice Steamed Broccoli Fruited Gelatin Dinner Roll Unsalted Margarine Fresh Banana Milk (1 cup) Tea, Sugar	Unsalted Beef Tips & Noodles Unsalted Green Beans Sliced Tomato Salad Dinner Roll Unsalted Margarine Peach Halves Iced Tea Sugar