Stature Determination

STATURE DETERMINATION

Method 1: Height
Height should be taken with the subject in stocking feet and standing against a vertical measuring board. (For patients with severe curvature of the spine, other measurements of stature may be more accurate.)

Procedure: Have the subject stand erect with weight equally distributed on both feet and the heels together and touching the vertical board. Where possible the head, shoulder blades, buttocks, and heels should all touch the vertical board. Arms should be hanging free at the sides with palms facing the thighs. Subject should look straight ahead, take a deep breath, and hold position while the horizontal headboard is brought down firmly on top to the head. Measure to the nearest 0.1 cm.

Method 2: Arm Span
Measurement of arm span is roughly equal to height. The span measurement remains constant despite decreasing height with age and is an acceptable alternative method for establishing height.

Procedure: Position the subject with his or her feet against a flat surface, usually a wall. Fully extend the subject’s upper extremities (including hands) at shoulder level with palms facing forward. Place a tape measure against the wall to measure the distance between the tip of one middle finger to the tip of the other middle finger (exclude fingernails). Arm span must be done supine between birth and three years of age.

Note: Measurement of arm span may be difficult in elderly persons due to an inability to adequately stretch out their arms, and chest measurements may be altered by lung disease or osteoporosis. Arm span may be used in the elderly to estimate maximum stature at maturity before occurrence of age-related bone loss.

Method 3: Knee Height
Knee height provides a method to measure stature of persons who cannot stand upright. Unlike overall height, knee height changes little with age. The measurement is highly correlated with stature.

The following formulas are used to compute stature from knee height:

Estimation of Stature From Knee Height			Factor*
White male	6 – 18 years	2.22 (Knee Height) + 40.54	+8.42 cm
	18 – 60 years	1.88 (Knee Height) + 71.85	+7.94 cm
	60 – 80 years	2.08 (Knee Height) + 59.01	+15.68 cm
Black male	6 – 18 years	2.18 (Knee Height) + 39.60	+9.16 cm
	18 – 60 years	1.79 (Knee Height) + 73.42	+7.2 cm
	60 – 80 years	1.37 (Knee Height) + 95.79	+16.8 cm
White female	6 – 18 years	2.15 (Knee Height) + 43.21	+7.8 cm
	18 – 60 years	1.87 (Knee Height) + 70.25 – (0.06 age)	+7.2 cm
	60 – 80 years	1.91 (Knee Height) + 75 – (0.17 age)	+17.64 cm
Black female	6 – 18 years	2.02 (Knee Height) + 46.59	+8.78 cm
	18 – 60 years	1.86 (Knee Height) + 68.10 – (0.06 age)	+7.6 cm
	60 – 80 years	1.96 (Knee Height) + 58.72	+16.5 cm
The stature of an individual will have a 95% chance of falling within the boundaries represented by the formula with the appropriate correction factor. Adapted from: Chumlea W, Guo S, Steinbaugh M. Prediction of stature from knee height for black and with adults and children with application to mobility-impaired or handicapped person. J Am Diet Assoc.* 1994;94:1385-1388. From: Grant A, DeHoog S. Nutrition Assessment Support and Management. Seattle, Wash: DeHoog/Grant; 1999. Reprinted by permission.

Procedure: The knee length measurement is made with a sliding, broad-blade caliper similar to the apparatus used to measure the length of infants.

Bibliography
Grant A, DeHoog S. Nutritional Assessment Support and Management. 5th ed. Seattle, Wash: Grant/DeHoog; 1999.